CMPMEET2024

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ZHENG Kun is currently a full professor of Beijing University of Technology. He obtained his Ph D. in 2009, and his doctoral dissertation was awarded "National Excellent Doctoral Dissertation of China", he won 1st prize of “Beijing Municipality Science and Technology Award” (2016) and 2nd prize of “National Natural Science Award” (2020). Now, his interests are 1) Preparation/ synthesis, characterization of new nanostructures, thermoelectric materials and photocatalysts;2) Uncovering the correlation between the structures and properties for advanced materials using transmission electron microscopy (TEM);3) Understanding structural evolution at nano/atomic scale under external stimulation (electric field, heating, environmental gas etc.) of materials via in situ TEM. He has published more than 100 SCI papers on international major journals and1 academic book, including Nature Energy, Nature Communications, Advanced Materials, EES, Nano Letters, etc.

Alexander P. Demchenko is the scientist well known globally for his fundamental works on the excited-state dynamics of electron, proton and energy transfer and on their coupling with molecular relaxations in dielectric environment. His research interests that extend to a broad interdisciplinary scale involve photophysics and biophysics, photochemistry and biochemistry. Particularly important are the results of his works on internal dynamics in proteins and biomembranes and also on introduction of new generation of fluorescent sensors and probes. Dr. Demchenko graduated from the Department of Physics of the Kyiv State Shevtchenko University in 1967, got PhD degree in Biochemistry in 1972 and Habilitation in Biophysics in 1982. Working in his home institution, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry in Kyiv, Ukraine, he was invited as a visiting professor to different universities and research institutions of USA, Germany, Turkey, Hungary, France, and Taiwan. Presently, he is lecturing at the Yuriy Fedkovych National University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine. Dr. Demchenko is the author of two classical monographs “Ultraviolet spectroscopy of proteins” (Springer, 1986) and “Introduction to fluorescence sensing” (Springer, 2009 and 2015). Its 3-d edition was published in two volumes (Springer-Nature, 2020 and 2023). This book has become popular in teaching on a graduate level. He was also the editor of three books in “Springer Series on Fluorescence”. He is one of the most cited scientists of Ukraine. His contribution to science was marked by election as Honorary member to Hungarian Academy of Sciences, by Palladin award in Biochemistry and by Gregorio Weber award for Excellence in Fluorescence.

Dr. Gunnar Suchaneck was Senior Researcher and Chief Assistant of the Solid State Electronics Laboratory at TU Dresden. He received his Ph.D. in physico-mathematical sciences from the Electrotechnical University - LETI, St. Petersburg, Russia, in 1983. Dr. Suchaneck has been retired since March 2021 but continues to work on a part-time basis. His current research interests include solid state sensor technology: ferroelectric thin film materials, metal oxide thin films, thin film deposition by reactive sputtering and plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition, characterization of thin films by optical and electrical measurements. He has coauthored more than 280 technical publications in books, scientific journals, and conference proceedings, and has coauthored 15 patents.

Alexander G. Ramm was born in Russia, emigrated to USA in 1979 and is a US citizen. He is Professor Emeritus of Mathematics with broad interests in analysis, scattering theory, inverse problems, theoretical physics, engineering, signal estimation, tomography, theoretical numerical analysis and applied mathematics. He is an author of 725 research papers, 23 research monographs and an editor of 3 books. He has lectured at many Universities throughout the world, gave more than 155 invited and plenary talks at various Conferences and had supervised 11 Ph.D students. He was Fulbright Research Professor in Israel and Ukraine; distinguished visiting professor in Mexico and Egypt; Mercator Professor in Germany; Research Professor in France; invited plenary speaker at the 7-th PACOM; he won Khwarizmi international award in 2004 and received other honors. A.G.Ramm was the first to prove uniqueness of the solution to inverse scattering problems with fixed-energy scattering data; the first to prove uniqueness of the solution to inverse scattering problems with non-over-determined scattering data and the first to study inverse scattering problems with under-determined scattering data. He studied inverse scattering problems for potential scattering and for scattering by obstacles. He solved many specific inverse problems and developed new methods and ideas in the area of inverse scattering problems. He introduced the notion of Property C for a pair of differential operators and applied Property C for one-dimensional and multi-dimensional inverse scattering problems. A. G. Ramm solved many-body wave scattering problem when the bodies are small particles of arbitrary shapes, assuming that a much less than d and d is much less that λ, where a is the characteristic size of the particles, d is the minimal distance between neighboring particles, and λ is the wavelength in the material in which the small particles are embedded. Multiple scattering is essential under these assumptions. He used this theory to give a theory for creating materials with a desired refraction coefficient and materials with a desired wave-focusing property. A. G. Ramm gave a recipe for creating materials with a desired refraction coefficient. These results attracted attention of the scientists working in nanotechnology. A. G. Ramm gave formulas for the scattering amplitude for scalar and electromagnetic waves by small bodies of arbitrary shapes and analytical formulas for the polarizability tensors for these bodies. A. G. Ramm gave a solution to the Pompeiu problem, proved the Schiffer’s conjecture and gave many results about symmetry problems for PDE, including first symmetry results in harmonic analysis. A. G. Ramm has developed the Dynamical Systems Method (DSM) for solving linear and nonlinear operator equations, especially ill-posed. These results were used numerically and demonstrated practical efficiency of the DSM. A. G. Ramm developed random fields estimation theory for a wide class of random fields. A. G. Ramm has developed a theory of convolution equations with hyper-singular integrals and solved analytically integral equations with hyper-singular kernels. These results he applied to the study of the NSP (Navier-Stokes problem). As a result, he solved the millennium problem concerning the Navier-Stokes equations. A. G. Ramm formulated and proved the NSP paradox which shows the contradictory nature of the NSP and the non-existence of its solution on the interval t ∈ [0.∞) for the initial data v0(x) 6≡ 0 and f(x, t) = 0. A. G. Ramm has introduced a wide class of domains with non-compact boundaries. He studied the spectral properties of the Schr¨odinger operators in this class of such domains and gave suffient conditions for the absence of eigenvalues on the continuous spectrum of these operators. A. G. Ramm developed the theory of local, pseudolocal and geometrical tomography. He has proved a variety of the results concerning singularities of the Radon transform and developed E-1 multidimensional algorithms for finding discontinuities of signals from noisy discrete data.

Professor Vladimir G. Chigrinov is Professor of Hong Kong University of Science and Technology since 1999. He is an Expert in Flat Panel Technology in Russia, recognized by the World Technology Evaluation Centre, 1994, and SID Fellow since 2008. He is an author of 6 books, 31 reviews and book chapters, about 322 journal papers, more than 677 Conference presentations, and 121 patents and patent applications including 38 US patents in the field of liquid crystals since 1974. He got Excellent Research Award of HKUST School of Engineering in 2012. He obtained Gold Medal and The Best Award in the Invention & Innovation Awards 2014 held at the Malaysia Technology Expo (MTE) 2014, which was hosted in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, on 20-22 Feb 2014. He is a Member of EU Academy of Sciences (EUAS) since July 2017. He got A Slottow Owaki Prize of SID in 2018 http://www.ee.ust.hk/ece.php/enews/detail/660. He is 2019 Distinguished Fellow of IETI (International Engineering and Technology Institute). http://www.ieti.net/news/detail.aspx?id=184 http://www.ieti.net/memberships/Fellows.aspx Since 2018 he works as Professor in the School of Physics and Optoelectronics Engineering in Foshan University, Foshan, China. 2020-2024 Vice President of Fellow of Institute of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence (IDSAI) Since 2021 distinguished Fellow of Institute of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence. Since March 2022 he is A Fellow of National Academy of Technology for his contributions to Information Electrical and Electronic Research : http://www.usnat.org/fellows.html

Professoer Fedir Sizov V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, Dpt. Head. 41 Av. Nauki, Kyiv, 03028, Ukraine Education And Advanced Training: 1988 Professor 1985 Dr.Sc. degree in physical and mathematical sciences 1975 Ph.D. degree in physical and mathematical sciences Experience Overview: Job-related skills are in the field of the Physics of Semiconductors and Dielectrics (single crystals, thin layers, heterostructures), IR physics. Current interests are development of terahertz detectors, their arrays and terahertz technologies. The International society of optics and photonics (SPIE) Fellow Member. More than 250 scientific publications and conference papers, more than 15 invited talks, 5 books, and more than 15 Authorships certificates (USSR) and Ukrainian patents. Additional Information: SCOPUS: h-index – 18, Citations – 1756, Documents – 235. RESEARCH GATE: h-index – 21, Citations – 2106, Documents – 420. SCHOLAR GOOGLE: h-index – 23, Citations – 3282.

Professor Mohammad Mehdi Rashidi Research interests: Heat and Mass Transfer; Multiphase Flows; Micro Fluidics; Computational Fluid Dynamics; Drug Delivery Highly Cited Researcher for 2018, 2019 and 2020. He has published over 345 journal papers indexed in Scopus and Web of Science (h-index=72 and 50 conference papers. Honorary Fellow of the Australian Institute of High Energetic Materials, His papers are published in Nature, Nano Energy, Applied Thermal Engineering, Energy, ….

Prof. Hidekuni Takao Professor/Director of Nano-Micro Structure Device Integrated Research Center, Kagawa University, Japan

H. Siampour is a Lecturer at Queen's University Belfast, focusing his research primarily on investigating the interplay between nanophotonics and quantum optics. Before his current role, he held the position of Research Associate at the University of Cambridge, contributing to the development of a quantum simulation platform utilizing interacting spins in diamond. Prior to that, he was a Postdoc at the University of Sheffield, working on the development of a semiconductor nanophotonic platform for directional spin-photon coupling. He obtained his PhD degree in Nano-optics from the University of Southern Denmark, with his thesis titled "A Nanophotonic Platform for Quantum Optical Integrated Circuits".

Dr. Koryun Oganesyan studied Physic's at the Yerevan State University, Armenia and graduated in 1979. He then joined the research group of Prof. Amatuni at the Yerevan Physics Institute, Armenia. After he joined the research group of Prof. Fedorov at the Prokhorov General Physics Institute of Academy of Sciences of USSR, Moscow. He received his PhD degree in 1988 at the same I,nstitution. and Doctor of Science degree in 2016 at the Alikhanyan National Lab, Yerevan, Armenia. He has published more than 100 research articles in SCI(E) journals. Now he is leading scientist at Institute of Experimental Physics SAS, Kosice, Slovakia

Dr. Osman Adiguzel graduated from Department of Physics, Ankara University, Turkey in 1974 and received PhD- degree from Dicle University, Diyarbakir-Turkey. He studied at Surrey University, Guildford, UK, as a post doctoral research scientist in 1986-1987, and his studies focused on shape memory alloys. He worked as research assistant, 1975-80, at Dicle University and shifted to Firat University in 1980. He became professor in 1996, and he has been retired due to the age limit of 67, following academic life of 45 years. He published over 80 papers in international and national journals; He joined over 120 conferences and symposia in international and national level as Plenary Speaker, Keynote Speaker, Invited speaker, speaker or Poster presenter. He served the program chair or conference chair/co-chair in some of these activities. In particular, he joined in last six years (2014 - 2019) over 60 conferences as Speaker, Keynote Speaker and Conference Co-Chair organized by different companies in different countries. Additionally, he retired at the end of November 2019, and contributed with Keynote/Plenary Speeches over 120 Virtual/Webinar Conferences, due to the coronavirus outbreak in three year of his retirement, 2020 and 2022. Dr. Adiguzel served his directorate of Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Firat University in 1999-2004. He supervised 5 PhD- theses and 3 M. Sc theses. He is also technical committee member of many conferences. He received a certificate which is being awarded to him and his experimental group in recognition of significant contribution of 2 patterns to the Powder Diffraction File – Release 2000. The ICDD (International Centre for Diffraction Data) also appreciates cooperation of his group and interest in Powder Diffraction File. Scientific fields of Dr. Adiguzel: Shape memory effect and displacive phase transformations in shape memory alloys and other alloys, molecular dynamics simulations, alloy modeling, electron microscopy, electron diffraction, x-ray diffraction and crystallography.

Prof Dr Azeez Abdullah Barzinjy: was born in Erbil-Iraq. He received his BSc. (Physics) and his 1st M.Sc. (Superconducting transmission line) from the University of Salahaddin-Erbil in 1998 and 2004, respectively. He did another M.Sc. (Theoretical Physics) in 2009 at Old Dominion University in USA. He completed his PhD (Materials Science) at the Materials Science centre, University of Leicester/UK in 2014. He is currently Associated Professor at Scientific Research Centre in Soran University in Iraq. He participated in many international and local conferences as a keynote speaker and he published more than 100 highly impact scientific articles. He has more than 1500 citations. His current research interests include Green Synthesis of Nanoparticles, metal electroplating from novel ionic liquids and investigating their properties, solar selective coating, surface plasmon resonance and nanotechnology. He is currently supervising several master and PhD students in different universities. He Organized 1 st , 2 nd, 3rd , 4 th , 5 th and 6th International Nanotechnology workshop from 2017- 2022 with his colleague at Tishk International University. Erbil, Iraq. He participated in several international and local conferences as a keynote speaker, scientific committee, international advisory board, organization committee and presenter. He is member of: 1- American Physical Society since 2008. 2- American Chemical Society since 2011. 3- Royal Society of Chemistry since 2011. 4- Leicester ionic liquids group since 2011. 5- International Nanotechnology association since 2019. Google scholar: https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=gg7a2BsAAAAJ&hl=en&authuser=1 ResearchGate: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Azeez-Barzinjy Linkedin: https://www.linkedin.com/in/dr-azeez-abdullah-barzinjy-b9613651/

Dejun Li, Distinguished Professor of Physics and Materials Science, Tianjin Normal University, China, received his Bachelor's degree from the Tianjin Normal University in 1984. After he obtained his Ph.D. degree from the Tsinghua University in 1999, he entered Northwestern University, USA as a Postdoctoral in 2001. In 1998 he was appointed to be full Professor. Dr. Li’s research is focused on ion-beam and thin films for materials surface modification of various materials including biomaterials; coatings and nanomaterials for clean energy. The scope of Li’s research ranges from fundamental science, to applied nanotechnology and thin film or ion-beam technology, to emerging engineering issues - with a unifying theme centered upon development and application of novel thin films and nanomaterials for energy systems and modification of various tools and biomaterials. Specifically, his research activities are currently concentrated on developing various PVD and CVD approaches to synthesize low-dimensional thin films and nanomaterials as well as exploring their applications in various tools and model, biomedical hard tissues, and nano-energy materials. He has published more than 200 research articles in thin film and coatings, biomaterials, new energy fields.

Dr. Gustavo Lopez Velazquez I was borned in Mexico City March 2, 1953 I studied my B.S, master and Ph.D at the National University of Mexico City (UNAM) I did a postdoc at Texas Accelerator Center (USA), The Woodlands, Texas 1985-1987. I was the founder of the "Instituto de Física de la Universidad de Guanajuato (IFUG)", México, 1987-1989. I was full researcher in Superconducting Super Collider Accelerator Laboratory (SSCL), Dallas (USA) , 1989-1994. I was cofounder of the "research group in theoretical physics" at the University of Guadalajara, México, 1994-today. Formation: Group Theory and their Applications, Nuclear Physics, General Relativity, Superconducting Magnet Stability (quenching), Non linear particle dynamics in colliders, energy deposition in superconducting magnets, inverse Theorem o f the Mechanics, Quantum Computation and Information.

Dr. Kiwing To has been a full Research Fellow at the Institute of Physics Academia Sinica (IOPAS) since 2003. He got his doctoral degree from the University of Pittsburgh in U.S.A. in 1990, worked as a postdoctoral researcher in Universite Paris VI in France for more than a year before joining IOPAS. Dr. To is interested in soft matter physics, especially in critical phenomenon of binary liquid mixture, polymer physics and granular flow.

Doctor Hakim Douar researcher since 2015 at the Faculty of Electrical Engineering of the University of Science and Technology Houari-Boumediene (USTHB) Algiers, Algeria ( USTHB). Doctorate in Electrical Engineering, option Electro-energetic Systems at the University of Science and Technology Houari-Boumediene Algiers , Algeria). Several works are carried out in the superconducting electric machines as well as many participations in international events in the field of the superconducting electric machines. The latest work is the study and production of a new superconducting inductor for an axial flux synchronous machine. Currently involved in the design, optimisation and simulation of machine structures based on superconducting materials.

DR. FRANCISCO BULNES, PhD, PostDocs, Doctor H. C., HonDSc, zbMATH, MathSci PhD in Mathematical Sciences, IM/UNAM. IINAMEI Director, Mathematics Research Centre in Mexico, 2015-Actually. Pioneer in curvature energy theory, formal theory of engineering and mathematical theory of nanotechnology. Editor-in-Chief of Journals of Mathematics, in USA, and India, 2015- Actually. Member of various international committees of science. Reviewer of British journals of mathematics and physics in SCOPUS; Head of Research Department, GITESCHA. Numerous papers (more than 150) in mathematics and physics research journals, and author of much books of mathematics and physics. Recognised and famous in East Europe, Asia, Arab continents. He has many theories, theorems, math objects with his name. He has received various honors and awards (Doctorates Honoris Causa) by universities and NGO’s, likewise GO’s. He received the Doctor Honoris Causa in Education Philosophy and Peace Ambassador by ODAEE in Frankfurt, Germany. Also is Czech Republic Mathematics Society distinguished member (JCFM). He has two post-doctorates in Cuba and Russia in mathematics. Many international awards and badges (more than 70) as Publons badge, SCOPUS, ZbMath, Thomsom Reuters, MathSci, ORCID, Peace Ambassador and others. His biography appear and has been published in many books of the United Kingdom, India, China, Russia, Ukraine, USA, Spain and Mexico. He has received various tributes from publishing houses in United Kingdom and others. Also he has advanced research in electronics, micro-electronics, nanomedicine and spintronics. www.iinamei.com.mx

Dr. Constantinos Sioutas, Sc.D., is currently the first holder of the Fred Champion Professorship in Civil and Environmental Engineering at the University of Southern California (USC) . Dr Sioutas received his undergraduate education in mechanical engineering at the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece, and came to the U.S. in the fall of 1986 as a Fulbright Foundation fellow. He received Master of Science degrees in Mechanical Engineering and in Aerospace Engineering, both from the University of Minnesota. He worked as an Advanced Product Development Engineer for 3M for two years prior to continuing his doctoral studies at Harvard School of Public Health in the department of Environmental Engineering, where he receivedhis Doctor of Science degree in 1994. He started his academic career in 1995 as an Assistant Professor of Aerosol Science at the Harvard, prior to joining the faculty of the University of Southern California (USC) in January 1998. Dr. Sioutas's research has followed an integrated approach to the problemof the well-publicized and significant effects of particulate air pollution on health and the environment. His research has focused on investigations of the underlying mechanisms that produce the health effects associated with exposure to air pollutants He has developed many state-of-the-art technologies used by many academic institutions and national laboratories for aerosol sampling andcharacterization. During his faculty career, he has directed, as either a Principal or Co-Principal Investigator, some 70 research grants exceeding $55 million (USC's share $24 million). He has authored 410 peer-reviewed journal publications, 5 book chapters and holds 14 U.S. patents in the development of instrumentation for aerosol measurement and emissions control. Hispublished work has received over 43,000 citations (Hirsch index =105) according to Google Scholar; he is among the top 1% authors worldwide in Engineering according to the Institute of Scientific Information. Results from his publications have been used by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and theCalifornia Air Resources Board (CARB) in their National Air Quality Criteria document in promulgating stricter air quality standards in theU.S. He has advised 23 Ph.D. students, and mentored 18 postdoctoral fellows at USC. Among his many distinctions, he is the recipient of the DavidSinclair award for seminal research with the long-term impact in the field of aerosols (the highest distinction of the American Association forAerosol Research), the Hagen Smit award of Atmospheric Environment for seminal publications, the 2010 Scientific and Technological Achievement Award by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and a trustee of his alma mater (the Aristotle Univ of Thessaloniki).

Doctor hayat arbouz , researcher and teacher since 2010 at the Physics Department of the University Saad Dahleb, Blida1, Algeria. Doctorate in materials physics from the University of Blida. Expertise in materials physics, solid state physics, crystallography, semiconductor physics, lasers, semiconductor thin films, single and tandem solar cell structures, numerical modeling and simulation. Currently involved in the simulation and optimization of photovoltaic solar cell structures based on the semiconductor materials chalcopyrites, kestrites and perovskites, using a variety of software packages. Has numerous publications and works in highly indexed journals, as well as numerous participations in international events in the field of materials, renewable energy , photovoltaics and solar energy.

Irina P. Terenetskaya received the M.S. degree in Physics from the Kiev State University, Ukrainian SSR, and the Ph.D. degree in Solid State Physics in 1973 from the Institute of Physics, Ukrainian Academy of Sciences. In 1974 she joined the laser group and worked on tunable dye-lasers, laser absorption spectroscopy and remote sensing of air pollution. In 1980 she received the scientific title "Senior Scientist" in Optics and began detailed studies on provitamin D photochemistry using tunable lasers and UV absorption spectroscopy, having developed an original concentration analysis. In 2006 she defended her doctoral dissertation and received a degree “Doctor of phys.-math science”, and in 2011 the Scientific title Professor in Optics & Laser Physics. She conducts interdisciplinary research in physics (photonics, liquid crystals, nanophysics), chemistry (new materials), photobiology, metrology and ecology (UV monitoring, D-biodosimeter). • Fellowships and Awards: - British Royal Society Fellowship (1998) - Japanese Government Research Award (1997) - Japanese Society Promotion of Science Fellowship (1996) - Theodore Maiman Award from the Laser Centers of America (1994) • Publications: Above 100 publications, 6 Patents, 4 Inventions.

Prof Dr Vladimir Valentinovich Egorov has his expertise in theoretical molecular and chemical physics. Education: National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Faculty of Theoretical and Experimental Physics (1966 – 1972), Moscow, USSR. He has completed his PhD from Theoretical Department of Institute of Chemical Physics, USSR Academy of Sciences (1981), and he has completed his Dr Phys&Math Sci degree from Institute of Physical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (2004). He is leading researcher at FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics”, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia. Prof Egorov is working on the development of a fundamentally new physical theory ‒ quantum-classical mechanics and its applications in physics, chemistry, biology and biomedicine.

Shuji Watanabe, got my PhD at Nagoya University, Japan and I am now a Professor of Mathematics at Gunma University, Japan. I am especially interested in operator theory applied to the BCS-Bogoliubov model of superconductivity. In the BCS-Bogoliubov model, one differentiates the thermodynamic potential with respect to the temperature twice so as to show that the transition from a normal conducting state to a superconducting state is a second-order phase transition without an external magnetic field. Since the thermodynamic potential has the solution to the BCS-Bogoliubov gap equation in its form, one differentiates the solution with respect to the temperature twice without showing that the solution is differentiable. Therefore, if the solution were not differentiable with respect to the temperature, then one could not differentiate the solution, and hence one could not show the second-order phase transition. This is why we need to show that the solution is differentiable with respect to the temperature twice as well as showing its existence and uniqueness. Motivated by this, in my recent papers I showed that the solution to the BCS-Bogoliubov gap equation is indeed differentiable with respect to the temperature twice on the basis of fixed-point theorems, and gave an operator-theoretical proof for the second-order phase transition. In this way, from the viewpoint of operator theory, I solved the long-standing problem of the second-order phase transition left unsolved for sixty-three years since the discovery of the BCS-Bogoliubov model.

Masaru Kato is an associate professor at Department of Physics and Electronics of Osaka Metropolitan University (Japan). He obtained PhD in Physics in 1988 from Kyoto University. Then he moved to Osaka Prefecture University as an assistant professor. In 1999, he became an associate professor at Department of Mathematical Sciences of Osaka Prefecture University. In 2012, He moved to Department of Physics and Electronics of Osaka Prefecture University, and became an associate professor at Department of Physics and Electronics of Osaka Metropolitan University in 2022. He initially studied strongly correlated electron systems. Then he started to study vortices in superconductor, especially nano-sized superconductors. Now, he is studying superconducting state using several levels of theory of superconductivity, such as microscopic theory, phenomenological Ginzburg-Landau equation, molecular dynamics method for vortex dynamics and macroscopic Electromagnetic theory with Josephson relations for intrinsic Josephson junctions.